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[chronic]

Screening of Hallucinogenic Compounds and Genomic Characterisation of 40 Anatolian Salvia Species.

Author information
1 TUBITAK National Metrology Institute (UME), Reference Materials Laboratory, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
3 Bioanalysis Laboratory, TUBITAK National Metrology Institute (UME), 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
4 Organic Chemistry Laboratory, TUBITAK National Metrology Institute (UME), 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
5 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakıf University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Salvia, an important and widely available member of Lamiaceae family. Although comparative analysis on secondary metabolites in several Salvia species from Turkey has been reported, their hallucinogenic chemicals have not been screened thoroughly.

OBJECTIVE:
This study provides LC-MS/MS analysis of 40 Salvia species for screening their psychoactive constituents of salvinorin A and salvinorin B. 5S-rRNA gene non-coding region of Salvia plants was sequenced, aligned and compared with that sequence of Salvia divinorum plant.

METHODOLOGY:
Targeted molecules of salvinorin A and salvinorin B were quantified, using LC-MS/MS, from all aerial parts of 40 Salvia species, collected from different parts of Turkey. Regions of 5S-rRNA gene from different species were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequences were aligned with Salvia divinorum DNA sequences.

RESULTS:
Very few of the Salvia species (S. recognita, S. cryptantha and S. glutinosa) contained relatively high levels of salvinorin A (212.86 ± 20.46 μg/g, 51.50 ± 4.95 μg/g and 38.92 ± 3.74 μg/g, respectively). Salvinorin B was also found in Salvia species of S. potentillifolia, S. adenocaulon and S. cryptantha as 2351.99 ± 232.22 μg/g, 768.78 ± 75.90 μg/g and 402.24 ± 39.71 μg/g, respectively. The sequences of 5S-rRNA gene of 40 different Salvia species were presented and it was found that none of the Salvia species in Turkey had similar DNA sequence to Salvia divinorum plant.

CONCLUSION:
This is the first report of screening 40 Salvia species in Turkey according to their psychoactive constituents, salvinorin A and salvinorin B and their genomic structures. It is possible that some of these Salvia species may exhibit some psycho activity. Thus, they need to be screened further. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28722248

14 Likes Bach, MadPlanter, Roze, ONandONandON, Mangrove and 9 more people like this.

[oro604]

Super interesting! If anyone wants a copy, you are welcome to pm me

1 Like LIBERTYNY likes this.

[ONandONandON]

that's amazing great find 

[Bach]

If not downright earth shaking! Good to know our Salvinorin is more widely expressed than just in one single, special species (Much as we may love her.)

1 Like Chicsa likes this.

[GrowerAndaShower]

That's pretty cool, and recognita looks like it's available through a few sites with a google search.

[oro604]

Some of the others are available as well.

[GrowerAndaShower]

Probably true, however I only googled potentillifolia and recognata(because they were the first listed and most potent, and I was on my way out the door). Potentifillia is mentioned on a few sites selling salvias, but I have not found one for sale(or it's seeds) yet.

Really did not look hard though, maybe 10 mins between both species.

[Mangrove]

Are they endemic to the Fertile Crescent and other areas of the middle-east, as well? I have a hunch that this somehow impregnated the mid-east with the concept of organised religion...

[modern]

I'm not in a position to buy or help with a co-op but maybe someone else can help spread these seeds within the community.

http://www.kpr-eshop.eu/pt/perennials/?slist_page=0&slist_letter=S

They carry two of the species listed Salvia cryptantha which has both a and b and glutinosa which has just a. This is an interesting find and hope to grow some when I have a chance

2 Likes nikshaz and MRTree like this.

[chronic]

I have still found a revealing text to the potent salvinorin-containing sage species.

Of the 40 Salvia tested, three species contain a larger amount of salvinorin A, so these plants could actually be used as a psychedelic / exhilarating & healing remedy.
The three species are Salvia recognita, Salvia cryptantha and Salvia glutinosa.

The tested content of S. recognita was 212.86 ± 20.46 μg / g, the content of S. cryptantha was 51.50 ± 4.95 μg / g, and that of S. glutinosa was 38.92 ± 3.74 μg / g.
For comparison, Salvia Divinorum contains about 100-500 μg / g salvinorin A.

Salvia glutinosa is also common in the rest of Europe and in West Asia!
Sticky sage (Salvia glutinosa)
Also in Germany, Austria and Switzerland these plants can rarely be found. It is also called Sticky Sage or Yellow Sage.

The newly discovered psychoactive sage species are therefore somewhat less potent than Salvia Divinorum, but Salvia recognita is still so potent that it could potentially be used as a drug.

Source: http://www.magischepflanzen.de/neue-psychoaktive-salvia-arten/
For those who do not understand German please use google translator.

Salvia glutinosa and S. recognita seeds are easy to order in Europe.

4 Likes Roze, BubbleCat, LIBERTYNY and SKUNK like this.

[LIBERTYNY]

 Anybody have any info about the cold-hardness of the new species ? ?

[Roze]

Salvia Recognita:

Family:  Lamiaceae
Hardiness:  To Zone 5
Mature Size:  3'
Exposure:  Sun/Pt Sun
Bloom Time:  June-Jul
Moisture Needs:  Dry to Average
Deer Resistant:  Yes
Origin:   Turkey

2 Likes prasada and LIBERTYNY like this.

[BubbleCat]

I so knew I'm right on setting out to collect possibly ALL salviae !

[Auxin]

S. recognita 2n = 16
S. potentillaefolia 2n = 16

They might form a hybrid

[chronic]

Thanks Auxin for the important reference. Maybe this can be important in future.

I so knew I'm right on setting out to collect possibly ALL salviae !

The Salvia species are really very interesting. Many have pain suppressing properties. Especially when you make extracts from them. Recently, the ethanolic extract of aerial part of salvia aethiopis exhibited in tests moderate to weak activity towards delta and kappa opioid receptors.

Salvia guaranitica contains Cirsiliol which has soothing and hypnotic properties in pure form like benzodiazepines.
Other species are no less interesting. It comes a lot more in future.

3 Likes ONandONandON, Mangrove and BubbleCat like this.